My bad. First off, it's still FM22 and the qualifying rules are set under the individual group rules, that might have been why you didnt find them. It is in fact the first stage (stage 0) that is pictured.
Stage 3 (cham) should be the champions playoff. That's where the second picture is taken from.
To try to explain a little bit more of what should be happening: Teams are supposed to qualify from stage 0 to stages 3,4,5,6,7,8, and 10 based on performance.
(like this- taken from the group rules in stage 0 by testing the competition). however, the error I get is that stage 0 never finishes for some reason, even though all games are played.
Stage 1 is a league that incorporates results from stages 0 and 3 all the way to 10, so it shouldn't matter much and seems to be working properly. 2 Is hidden, so picture the rules as going straight from 0 to 3.
There is a lot going on yeah, I do have a tendency to overcomplicate things, which I do apologise for. Any more info you need I'll be happy to provide.
Again, many thanks and best regards